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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

美国评论员起底佩洛西：贪婪、好战、非常不受欢迎 ******

　　中新网1月3日电据“今日俄罗斯”(RT)报道，美国政治评论员布拉德利·布兰肯希普日前在RT发表专栏文章称，随着美国新一届国会开幕，82岁的南希·佩洛西将卸任众议院议长一职，不过鉴于她多年来的所作所为“非常不受欢迎”，她卸任后应该“很少有人会想念她”。

资料图：佩洛西。

　　第118届美国国会将于当地时间3日开幕，共和党将控制众议院多数席位，届时众议院议长职位也会随之变动，长期担任民主党领袖的众院议长佩洛西将不得不把手中的木槌交给共和党接任者。

　　评论称，佩洛西是迄今为止第一位担任美国众议长的女性，但她创造的所谓“历史性纪录”并不是那么令人信服。

　　首先，佩洛西是臭名昭著的“自我交易者”。在美国商业内幕网站(Business Insider)为期5个月的腐败调查中，佩洛西是最引人注目的国会议员之一。据报道，她在特斯拉、迪士尼、Alphabet(谷歌母公司)和Meta(Facebook母公司)等公司拥有大量股份。更令人震惊的是，她自己还作为国会议员直接负责监管这些她“深度持股”的公司。

　　文章指出，“纵观佩洛西多年来的个人财富表，你会发现她的财富在担任众议长以来呈指数级增长。她在国会的权力直接转化为了她的个人财富积累——这就是腐败的定义。”

　　其次，除了贪婪外，佩洛西还是著名的好战鹰派。2007年，在共和党人小布什担任美国总统期间，佩洛西曾告诉记者：“无论是在对以色列、巴勒斯坦还是叙利亚的政策上，我们和小布什总统之间都没有分歧。”评论表示，小布什政府曾在中东实施种族灭绝计划，佩洛西的支持无疑是“为虎作伥”。

　　此外，在帮助美国政府规避多边组织和国际法方面，佩洛西也“发挥了重要作用”。在致时任总统小布什关于巴以问题的一封信中，佩洛西说国会“担心某些国家或团体如果在实地监测的进展中担任重要角色，可能将减少(巴以)在通往和平的现实道路上前进的机会。”根据她和同事的说法，“美国在巴以问题上与各方建立了一定程度的信任，这是其他国家无法比拟的。”实际上，美国国会被认为为小布什政府撑腰，以便不让联合国和欧盟等机构在监督巴以和平计划方面发挥作用。

　　民调机构YouGov统计的数据显示，佩洛西的支持率仅为40.1%。据美国民调分析网站FiveThirtyEight称，佩洛西的支持率甚至比拜登43.1%的历史最低支持率还要更低。

　　评论表示，人们希望这位82岁的议长能在任期结束后退出政治生活，但她的职业生涯很可能会在一片不满声中无休止地拖延下去。